[23] They are rubbed against the bodies of the sick, and are seen as a supernatural medium. The disease may also spread to the back. Luckily he had no teeth injury but when I put him back, he was tilting his head, squealing in pain, and walking kind of funny. Accessed January 21, 2010, "Guinea pig preproinsulin gene: an evolutionary compromise? Young guinea pigs that are weaning from their mothers may have hair thinning as their coat changes to coarser adult fur, or if their diet does not have enough protein. HTML code is not allowed. Cavia is New Latin; it is derived from cabiai, the animal's name in the language of the Galibi tribes once native to French Guiana. Guinea pig meat is high in protein and low in fat and cholesterol, and is described as being similar to rabbit and the dark meat of chicken.
[63] After its cage has been cleaned, a guinea pig typically urinates and drags its lower body across the floor of the cage to mark its territory. [19], From about 1200 AD to the Spanish conquest in 1532, the indigenous peoples used selective breeding to develop many varieties of domestic guinea pigs, which formed the basis for some of the modern domestic breeds. They are built somewhat like pigs, with large heads relative to their bodies, stout necks, and rounded rumps with no tail of any consequence; some of the sounds they emit are very similar to those made by pigs, and they spend a large amount of time eating. [70] Even a dwarf rabbit is generally stronger than a guinea pig and may cause intentional or inadvertent injury.[71]. [17] Statues dating from circa 500 BC to 500 AD that depict guinea pigs have been unearthed in archaeological digs in Peru and Ecuador. [10], Many other, possibly less scientifically based, explanations of the German name exist. [95], Cohabitating females assist in mothering duties if lactating;[96] guinea pigs practice alloparental care, in which a female may adopt the pups of another. [139] Pachamanca or huatia, a process similar to barbecuing, is also popular, and is usually served with corn beer (chicha) in traditional settings. [116], If handled correctly early in life, guinea pigs become amenable to being picked up and carried, and seldom bite or scratch.
[166] Since the middle 20th century, they have been replaced in laboratory contexts primarily by mice and rats. The guinea pig's natural diet is grass; their molars are particularly suited for grinding plant matter and grow continuously throughout their life. [159] China also launched and recovered a biosatellite in 1990 which included guinea pigs as passengers.
The first part of the name may have been derived from the price of the animal in 16th- and 17th-century England—that is, possibly one guinea—or it may have arisen from the animals’ being carried to European markets after first being transferred to ships in ports in Guinea.
The position of the anus is very close to the genitals in both sexes. The Fairy Caravan, a novel by Beatrix Potter,[127] and Michael Bond's Olga da Polga series for children,[128] both feature guinea pigs as the protagonist. Marketers tried to increase consumption of the animal outside South America.[4]. Some types of mites cause no signs, others cause hair loss but do not seem to affect the skin, and still others burrow into the skin and may cause intense itching, hair loss, and skin inflammation. Large litters result in higher incidences of stillbirth, but because the pups are delivered at an advanced stage of development, lack of access to the mother's milk has little effect on the mortality rate of newborns. If guinea pigs do not ingest enough vitamin C, they can suffer from potentially fatal scurvy. [12][14] A common misconception is that they were so named because they were sold for the price of a guinea coin. Because guinea pigs require much less room than traditional livestock and reproduce extremely quickly, they are a more profitable source of food and income than many traditional stock animals, such as pigs and cattle;[136] moreover, they can be raised in an urban environment.
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